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-3 Sheets-Sheet 1.

(No Model.)

J. N..SMITH.

T001. FORBORING GYLINDERS. l

I0-259,727. Patented Julie 2.0.1882.

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(No Moda.) .s sheets-sheet 2 J. N. SMITH.' TOOL POR BORING CYLINDERS.v Y

I 120,259,727.' Patented June 20, 1882.

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" J. N'. SMITH. y

TOOL PQR BORING GYLINDERS.

N0.259,v727. Patented June 20,1882.

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UNITED STATES' PATENT Farce.'

.J'OSEPH N. SMITH, OF NEW YORK, N. Y.

TOOL FOR BORING OYLINDERS.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 259,727, dated June 20, 1882.

I Application filed November 1, 1881. (No model.)`

To all whom it may concern:

Beit known` that I, JOSEPH NoT'rlNGHAM SMITH, a citizen of the United States, residing in the city, county, and State of New York,

have invented certain Improvements in Tools or Machines forY Dressing Cylinders, ot' which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to a tool designed primarily for. dressing the interior surfaces ot' steam and other cylinders that have becomeV rough or untrue from wear, and especially those ot' locomotive-engines, the object being to accomplish this without removing the cylv inder from its bed to a lathe and using a boring-bar or other contrivance for dressinglit.

In the drawings, which serve-to illustrate my invention, Figurelis a vertical mid-section ot' the tool, a portion ofthe mechanism being shown in elevation. Fig.2 is a plan ofthe tool,

'partly broken away to show mechanism below.

for example. The outer head of the cylinder has been removed, butthe inner'head, B, through which the piston-rod plays, is left in place. The aperture in the head for the piston-rod is shown at a.

C is a supporting-frame, which in this case consists of a central boss and three arms or branches, b b, and a platform, c, to support a sliding bed, d, which bears the driving mechanism of the tool. This mechanism consists in the present case of a shaft mounted rotatively in a bearing, c, and carrying a crank, f, and

bevel-wheelg. This wheel meshes with another bevel-wheel, g', Iixed on the end ot' a worm, h, mounted rotatively in bearingsand arranged to mesh with a worm-wheel, D. A screw, i, mounted rotatively in keepers in the platform A c, engages a nut, t', on the slide d, and serves to move the latter in and out a limited distance, whereby the 'worm is thrown into or out of engagement with the worm-wheel. The slide-maybe mounted on a dovetail keeper on the platform, in the usual way, to keep itin line and guide its movements.

The arms b ofthe frame G are provided with guidesj, seated in 4keepersj on legs or standards E. These legs rest upon the flange ot' the cylinder A, and are secured by bolts which pass through the flanged feet of the legs and the bolt-holes in the cylinder-flange. Other means of fastening them may, however, bc employed-as, for example, with clamps.

ln the arms b are rotatively mounted inv m', which engage the grooves m. It is kept down to its seat in or on the frame Gby means ot keepers m2.

The shaft 'F is internally screw-threaded near its lower end to engage a male screw on an axial spindle, G, which passes through said tubular shaft and has a bearing inthe head B of the cylinder. The superior portion n of this spindle is square or'polygonal, and ts in acorrespondingly-shaped opening in a cap, o, secured to the top of a tube or cylinder, H, where itis secured adjustably by means of a set-screw, o. The tube H is made to slip over and it onto the shaft F.

Onthe lower end of the tube lH is formed a cup-like lian ge, p,v which takes over the boss ot' the worm-wheel D, and the projecting margin of this iiange takes under keepers p', fixed to the said worm-wheel. Attached to and forming a part of this iiange is a hand-wheel, I, on the under side of which is formed a pendent clamping-harige, q.

Referringto Figs.2 and3, wherein thcclamping device is best shown, i is an arm fixed on the bed d, which has a jaw, lr', that takes under and behind the flange q, andfr2 is a sliding jaw mounted on the fixed arm, which engages shaft, but has splines or internal projections,

IDO i 1 ylongitudinal ygroove yorr grooves, s', formed in f said spindle G. The boss of kthe wheel Kis' kept up tothe under side of the `plate J by meansfof keepers's?. `'It will'be seen that this f construction compelsthe wheel K tofollow the f yvertical movementsofthe shaft Fi andy the :rof the outer face of said iiange. A pin, r3, has a bearing in the arm fr, and an eccentric, r4, on said pin tits an aperture in the sliding jaw r2, whereby when the pin is turned the sliding jaw is caused to press against the iiange q and hold the hand-Wheel Ifast. When the sliding bed d is moved in, so as to effect the engagement of the worm with the worm-wheel, the jaw i" stands off from the clamping-Harige q and the slidingjaw r2 is in position tobe forced against the said flange; but when the bed d is moved out, so as to disengage the worm from the worin-wheel, thejaw i" may be made to forciblyengage the iiange q ou the inside, and thus hold the wheel l fast by frctional contact while the worm-wheel and itsattached parts are or may be rotated. Thus it will be seen that the jaws r' and r2 are not intended to act together in clamping the fiange, although they may be made to do so when the worm is disengaged:

So far as described the operation is as follows: Rotation of the worm himparts rotation to the tubular shaft Fthrough theworm-wheel D. If the spindle G be free to turn, it will rotate with the said shaft; but it' the wheel l be clamped fast the spindle G will be prevented from rotating and the shaft F will move longitudinally up or down, according to the direction of its rotation. 0n the lower end of the shaft F is fixed a plate, J, which bears the milling or cutting wheel and its train of gears, and on the screwspindle Gr is mounted an internal gear-wheel, K. This wheelis not fixed on the said spindle, buthas an internal spline or splines, s, (see Fig. 5,) arranged to engage a y ftative' movements of the spindle Gr.

' gaging the' trainoifi gears whichi actuatcthey cutter, ttis afpinion adapted to `,mesh with they i `wheelr K,fandfmonnted tixedlyon' au arbor, t. t `The upper portion of this arboriy is reduced `in l diameter, and isirotatively mounted in an e1;-r t Iternally screwthreaded sleeve, t2, rbeing providedwith a'stop-nut, t-"tlor itsiequivalent, at

Referring'to Fig. G, which is a vertical mid-y f its upperweudnV The'sleeve tirestsiupon a shoulder or collar on the arbor, and is kept in place thereon by the stop-nut. The male screw on the sleeve engages afemalescrewin a fixed socket, t4. Besides its bearing in the sleeve, the arbor may also have a bearing in the plate J to further brace and steady it. Rotation of the sleeve moves the pinion ,t up or down and into or out of mesh with the wheel K, and to effect this rotation the sleeve may have facets, like a nut, (see Fig. 1,) formed on it to receive a wrench.

0n the arbor i', above the pinion, and preferably made in one piece with it, 'is a larger toothed wheel, a, which meshes with a long pinion, c, mounted rotatively on an arbor or stud, o', iixed in the plate J. This arbor projects upward through said plate,and forms an axis or pivot, ou which is mounted a swinging plate L; and on the stud c is mounted alarger toothed wheel, o2, which drives, through intermediate gear-wheels, w and lwf, a pinion, w, mounted on the arbor or stud of the milling or cutting wheel M. The studs of the wheels w w and the cutter have fixed bearings in the plate L, the bearin g for the cutter-stud being especially long, so that it may be very firm. The pinion c is fixed to the cutter, and they both rotate on the fixed stud w.

I have described the preferred construction and arrangement of the train for rotating the milling or cutting wheel quite minutely; but I wish it understood that any suitable train of gears by which the said wheel is driven with the proper speed from the pinion t may be employed.

The wheel M possesses no novel features; but it may be well to say that it has cutting teeth at y ou its lower face, as well as on its periphery. A

It is obvious that the distance, measured radially, of the milling-wheel from the axial spindle Gr should be capable of variation at will to snit the tool to cylinders of different diameters, and this variability should be available without the necessity of changing the gearwheels of the train. To provide for this vari able adjustment I have mounted the plate L, as before stated, pivotally on the prolongation of the arbor or stud 9)',so that when said plate ways yin mesh. toor from they axis ofthe tool, as will be readily ICO yis swung on said stud the pinion w` will mover u concentricall y around the wheel 'vkeepin g al-y The cutter maybe thus moved understood from inspectiony of Fig.y 2, where the movement of rthe plate Lis illustrated by dotted lines. f t

' To move the plaie `L and adjust the cutter to or yfrom thetoolfaxisJ prefer to remploy a z pinioinz, mounted rotatively yon.a,St\1d,zf,ti:ixed

inthe plate J, and: arranged togmeshwitha rack, L', curved concentric tothe pivotal stud `,of/,and attached to; or forminga: part of the `plate' L. f Rotation yof thepinio11-iwillgmove: I f

the plate Lon its pivotin a well-.known Way,

i and this movement may be effected byy means f 1 f y of amilled lian ge, z2, formed with or attachedy f The outer head of the cylinder is removed and the piston andpiston-rod taken out. The toolis set on the dan ge at the open end of the cylinderv an'dbolted or otherwisesecurelyclam ped thereon. The axial spindle Gis now brought preciselyv into the axis of the cylinder by means V`of the adjusting-screws k lr, the said spindle G passing through the hole a in the fixed head B andA finding a bearing therein.V Should it not lit snugly, it is ,best to provide a bushing of some sort, so that the` end of the spindle may be properly steadied. Gare being-first takenfto seelthat the wheel I is unclamped, the worm-wheel D is in proper mesh with the worm h, and the pimon tdisengaged (bylifting) from 4the wheel K, the'operative rotates the axial spindleG in the proper directionV by means of the hand-wheel I, whereby the shaft F (which cannot turn byreason ot' the engagement of the worm-wheel and worm) is moved yup or down, bearing the wheel K, and the plate J,

Yss

carryingthecuttingmechanism. Havingthus movvedthe milling-wheeluntil it stands just above the level of the top of the cylinder A, he next adjusts it radially until it is far enough from the center to'cut into the cylinder to the proper depth, clamps fast the pinion z and wheel I, and lowers the pinion t until it is prop- Verly in mesh with thewheel K. lhe tool is now read y for operation. Rotation is now communicated to the worm-wheelV l) by the driv-v ingmechanism,andthiscommunicatesrotation to the tubular shaft F around the fixed axial spindle G. .The screw-thread on this spindle serves to feed the said shaft and its attached dressing mechanism downward, whereby the milling-,wheel is caused to move in a spiral or progressive orbit. The wheel K beingpnonrotative, as before described, a rotary motion is communicated vto the pinion t, and this motion, multiplied by intermediate train of gears, is communicated to the milling-wheel, whereby itis rotated rapidly on its axis. It will thusV be seen that the milling-wheel has three movements-a rapid rotary motion'on its' axis, a slow motion in a direction. parallel to its axis, and a slow motion around and concentric to the axis of the tool.

The operation just described may be continued until the cutter` vhas traversed the entire length of the cylinder and dressed its en` tire inner face.'

As the pitch of the feeding-screw on the spindle G does not equal the width of the face of the milling-wheel, it is obvious that no part of the surface will escape dressing, unless, iudeed, ,there should be an yunusual depression at some point which has been overlooked, when a second dressing may berequired. By making the pitch of the feed-screw twice as great as the width of the cutter-face a female screw may be out with this tool, and this may be desirable in some cases when a cylinder is very large. j Y

I wish it understood that I do not confine myself to the precise construction of tool as cylinder permanently. The female screwin the tubular shaft F might extend its whole length, and some clamping'device equivalent to that shown might be employed to hold the wheel I-as a set-screw, for example. These are only suggestive of some ot' the minor departures from the described construction.

My improved dressing-tool maybe applied to dressing cylinders for all purposes, new as well as old, and is not confined to cylinders of locomotive-engines, although especially applicable to that purpose.

Having thus described my invention, I claim- 1. A tool for dressing cylinders, comprising a frame to'support the mechanism, a fixed axial screw, a tubular shaft mounted rotatively in the frame and bearing a nut which screws onto -the said axial screw, a milling wheel or cutter mounted on an arm nxed to the tubular shaft, a toothedwheel mounted on the axial screw and arranged to slide longitudinally thereon,

IOO

. pinionl mounted on the cutter-bearing arm i and arranged to mesh with the sliding toothed wheel on the axial screw, and a train of Vgears arranged between said pinion and the millingwheel, whereby the latter is rotated, all com- IOS bined and arranged substantially as set forth.

to slide on the axial spindle and to mesh with the pinion t, whereby rotation of the shaft F imparts axial rotation to the milling-wheel and causes it to move in a spiral orbit, all combined and arranged substantially as set forth.

3. The combination of the axial screw-spindle, the tube H, provided .with a hand-wheel,

'a clamp to fix said tube Hy to the fixed frame of the tool, a tubular shaft, F, mounted rotatively in the frame and providedv with a longitudinal groove, m, a worm-wheelon said shaft, mounted rotatively in keepers on the frame and provided with a spline to engage the groove m in the shaft, a worm, h, to drive said wormwheel, an axial spindle, G, fixed in the tube H and provided with a male screw to engagea female screw in the shaftiF, a toothed wheel,

K, mounted in keepers on the shaftFand provided with a spline, s, to engage a longitudinal groove in the axial spindle, a cutter, M, adjustable pinion t, and an intermediate train of gears mounted on an arm attached to the shaft F, all arranged to operate substantially asset forth.

4. Thecombination,withthe supporting-legs of the frame andthe adjustingscrews mounted rotatively therein, of the frame provided with guides arranged to slidein keepers on the supporting-legs and provided with nuts to engage the adjusting-screws on said legs, whereby the axis ofthe frame may be properly adjusted to the axis of the cylinder, substantially as set forth.

5. The frame for 'supporting the operative mechanism of the tool, having three or more arms mounted adjustably in keepers on the supporting-legs, the said legs, the worm-wheel D, tubular shaft F, tube H, provided with a suitable clamping-flange, axial screw-spindle G, the worm 7L, toothed wheel K, plate J, pinion t, milling-wheel U, and the intermediate train of gears to drive said wheel, all combined and arranged to operate substantially as set forth.

6. The milling-wheel mounted rotatively on a plate or arm mounted on and arranged to turn on the same axis with the driving gearwheel v2, the said wheel mounted on an arm or plate fixed to the shaft F, the wheel K, and the intermediate train of gears,all combined and arranged to operate substantially as set forth.

7. The combination, with the plate J, of the plate L, mounted thereon and provided with a curved rack, L', and the pinion z, all arranged to operate substantially as set forth.

screw-threaded sleeve t2, mounted rotatively between shoulders formed on or fixed to said arbor, and the socket t4, all constructed and arranged to operate substantially as set forth.

il. The combination, to form a clamping device, consisting of the jaw i", the slidiugjaw. and the pin provided with an eccentric which has a bearing in the slidingjaw, all arranged to operate substantially as set forth.

lt). The combination ot' sliding bed upon which the driving-worm is mounted, the said worm, the worm-wheel, means for adjusting the sliding' bed to and lrom the worm-wheel, thejaw i", fixed on said sliding bed, and the claniping-tlange on the hand-wheel, the said jaw heilig arranged to stand out ot' contact with the clamping-Harige when the worm is engaged with the worm-wheel, substantially as set forth.

l1. The combination, with the clampingfiange q, of the sliding bed d, the clamping-jaw r', mounted thereon, the slidiugjaw r2, and mechanism for actuating the slidingjaw and the sliding bed, all arranged to operate substantially as set forth.

ln witness whereof I have hereunto signed my name in the presence ot' two subscribing witnesses.

JOSEPH NOTTINGHAM SMITH.

\Vitnesses: Y

HENRY CoNNE'rr ARTHUR C. FRASER.

S. The combination ofthe pinion t, arbor t', 4o 

